REAL ID Enforcement Is Now Active Across All U.S. Airports
The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) officially began enforcing REAL ID requirements at airport security checkpoints nationwide on May 7, 2025, ending a nearly 20-year transition period. Every traveler aged 18 or older must now present a REAL ID-compliant driver's license, an acceptable alternative form of identification, or face additional screening procedures at TSA checkpoints. This enforcement deadline, initially established in 2005 and delayed multiple times, is now fully in effect across all federal facilities and commercial airports.
The Department of Homeland Security estimates that approximately 81% of U.S. travelers already possess REAL ID-compliant identification, leaving roughly 81 million Americans who may need to upgrade their driver's license or use alternative documents for domestic air travel. The good news: all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and five U.S. territories are now issuing REAL ID-compliant cards, making it easier than ever to obtain proper identification.
What Changed on May 7, 2025: Key REAL ID Requirements
The new enforcement rules fundamentally change what identification you can use at airport security. Here's what you need to know:
- Age Requirement: All travelers 18 years and older must present REAL ID-compliant identification or approved alternatives for domestic flights (children under 18 traveling with adults are exempt)
- Federal Facility Access: REAL ID is now mandatory for entering federal buildings, military bases, and nuclear power plants in addition to airport security checkpoints
- Star Marking: REAL ID-compliant cards display a gold or black star in the upper right-hand corner, making them easy to identify at security checkpoints
- Enhanced Security Standards: REAL ID cards incorporate anti-counterfeiting technology, prevent insider fraud, and use documentary evidence to verify identity beyond standard driver's licenses
- Phased Enforcement Timeline: While enforcement began May 7, 2025, federal agencies have flexibility to implement phased enforcement plans through May 5, 2027, when full compliance becomes mandatory
- Non-Compliant ID Handling: Travelers without REAL ID or acceptable alternatives will be directed to separate screening areas for additional verification procedures before boarding
TSA published the final rule on January 13, 2025, providing a framework for phased enforcement while ensuring security standards remain uncompromised. The rule recognizes that some travelers may need additional time to obtain compliant identification, particularly in communities with limited DMV access.
Who Is Affected and What This Means For You
The REAL ID enforcement impacts different groups of travelers in various ways. Understanding your category helps you prepare appropriately.
For Domestic-Only Travelers Without Passports
If you primarily travel within the United States and don't own a passport, you must upgrade to a REAL ID-compliant driver's license or state ID card. Your current license may no longer grant you access through TSA security checkpoints unless it displays the REAL ID star marking. Visit your state's DMV website to schedule an appointment and bring required documentation.
For International Travelers With Valid Passports
If you already possess a valid U.S. passport or passport card, you're completely covered for both domestic and international travel. Passports are automatically accepted as REAL ID alternatives and meet all federal identification requirements. However, many frequent domestic travelers prefer obtaining a REAL ID for convenience rather than carrying their passport for short trips.
For Military Personnel and Federal Employees
Active duty military members and federal employees with government-issued credentials already possess acceptable identification. Military IDs, Department of Defense (DoD) identification cards, and federal agency credentials meet REAL ID standards. Additionally, DHS Trusted Traveler cards (Global Entry, NEXUS, SENTRI) are accepted as REAL ID alternatives.
How to Get Your REAL ID - Step by Step
Obtaining a REAL ID requires visiting your state DMV with specific documentation. Follow these steps for a smooth application process:
- Gather Required Documents: Collect proof of full legal name (birth certificate or passport), Social Security number (SSN card or W-2), date of birth documentation, and two proofs of principal residence address (utility bills, bank statements, or lease agreements)
- Schedule DMV Appointment: Visit your state DMV's website to book an appointment (walk-ins may face long wait times) and confirm which specific documents your state requires, as requirements may vary slightly
- Complete Application Form: Fill out the REAL ID application online before your appointment if available, or bring completed forms to save processing time at the DMV
- Visit DMV Office: Bring all original documents (photocopies are typically not accepted), submit your application, and have your photo taken according to REAL ID standards with proper lighting and neutral expression
- Pay Required Fee: REAL ID fees vary by state, typically ranging from $30 to $85, and you'll receive your new card by mail within 2-4 weeks in most states
- Verify Star Marking: When your new ID arrives, confirm it displays the gold or black star in the upper right corner indicating REAL ID compliance before your next flight
Important Dates and Timeline You Should Know
Understanding the REAL ID timeline helps you plan your compliance strategy and avoid last-minute issues:
- May 7, 2025: Official REAL ID enforcement begins at all TSA airport security checkpoints and federal facilities nationwide
- January 13, 2025: TSA published the final rule establishing phased enforcement framework and compliance requirements for federal agencies
- May 5, 2027: Absolute deadline for full REAL ID enforcement across all federal agencies with no exceptions or alternative screening procedures
- Current (November 2025): All 50 states, DC, and five territories are issuing REAL ID-compliant cards with approximately 81% of travelers already compliant
- December 31, 2025 (UK/EU): Related international requirement - EU, EEA, and Swiss citizens entering the UK with national ID cards must ensure they meet ICAO biometric standards
Acceptable Alternatives to REAL ID Cards
If you cannot obtain a REAL ID immediately, several alternative identification forms are accepted at TSA checkpoints:
- U.S. Passport or Passport Card: Valid for both domestic and international travel, accepted at all security checkpoints without restrictions
- Enhanced Driver's Licenses (EDL): Issued by Washington, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, and Vermont with additional security features and border-crossing capabilities
- DHS Trusted Traveler Cards: Global Entry, NEXUS, SENTRI, and FAST cards meet all REAL ID requirements for expedited travelers
- Military Identification: Active duty military IDs, dependent IDs, and veteran health identification cards (VHIC) are accepted alternatives
- Permanent Resident Card: Green cards and employment authorization documents are valid for identity verification at TSA checkpoints
REAL ID Photo Requirements for Compliance
When obtaining your REAL ID at the DMV, your photo must meet specific federal standards similar to passport photo requirements. The photo must show a clear, front-facing view from hairline to chin with both ears visible, captured against a plain white or light-colored background. Religious headwear is permitted provided it doesn't obscure facial features or create shadows, and prescription glasses are typically not allowed in REAL ID photos.
Many applicants prepare by reviewing professional passport photo specifications to understand proper positioning and expression requirements. If you're concerned about meeting photo standards, consider visiting VisaPics to review compliant photo examples across 952 different document types, including state-specific REAL ID requirements, before your DMV appointment.
Frequently Asked Questions About REAL ID Requirements
What Happens If I Show Up to the Airport Without a REAL ID?
If you present a non-REAL ID compliant driver's license and lack acceptable alternatives, TSA will direct you to a separate screening area for additional identity verification procedures. While you may still be allowed to board your flight, this process adds significant time to your security checkpoint experience. TSA recommends arriving at least 30 minutes earlier than usual if you don't have compliant identification to account for extended screening.
Can I Use My Passport for Domestic Flights Instead of Getting a REAL ID?
Yes, absolutely. A valid U.S. passport or passport card serves as a perfect alternative to REAL ID for all domestic flights and federal facility access. Many frequent travelers prefer this option because passports are already required for international travel. However, carrying your passport domestically comes with risks - if lost or stolen, replacing a passport is more complex and expensive than replacing a driver's license.
How Long Does It Take to Get a REAL ID From My State DMV?
Processing times vary by state, but most DMVs issue REAL ID cards within 2-4 weeks of your in-person appointment. Some states like California and Texas offer expedited processing for additional fees. During peak periods, appointment wait times may extend to several weeks, so start the process at least 6-8 weeks before any planned travel to ensure you receive your compliant ID on time.
Do Children Need REAL ID for Domestic Flights?
No, children under 18 traveling with a parent or guardian do not need to present identification at TSA checkpoints for domestic flights. This exemption applies regardless of the child's age. However, TSA recommends carrying a birth certificate or other proof of age for children to avoid potential questions during boarding.
What You Need to Know Moving Forward
The May 7, 2025 REAL ID enforcement deadline marks a significant shift in U.S. travel requirements after nearly two decades of preparation. While 81% of travelers already possess compliant identification, approximately 81 million Americans still need to upgrade their driver's licenses or rely on alternative documents. The phased enforcement approach through May 2027 provides flexibility, but experts recommend obtaining REAL ID sooner rather than later to avoid extended screening delays.
If you travel frequently, now is the time to verify your identification compliance by checking for the star marking on your driver's license. For those planning passport photos or visa applications for upcoming international travel, ensure your passport photo meets current requirements to streamline the REAL ID process if needed. Visit your state DMV website today to schedule your REAL ID appointment and avoid last-minute complications before your next domestic flight.